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Concrete Mixing Components
Author: Win Aung Cho2026-01-02 08:36:40AM
Basic Steps for Calculation (Volumetric Method)
♣ Identify the Ratio & Target Volume:
Example Ratio: 1:2:4 (Cement:Sand:Gravel) for M15.
🌸 Target Volume: 1 cubic meter (m³) of wet concrete.
🌸 Sum the Parts:
Total Parts = 1 (cement) + 2 (sand) + 4 (gravel) = 7 parts.
♠ Calculate Volume of Dry Materials (Adjust for Shrinkage):
🌸 Concrete volume increases when mixed (e.g., 1 m³ of wet concrete needs ~1.54 to 1.57 m³ of dry materials).
Volume of Dry Mix needed ≈ 1 m³ * 1.54 = 1.54 m³ (approx.).
★ Volume of Cement needed = (1/7) * 1.54 m³ = 0.22 m³
★ Volume of Sand needed = (2/7) * 1.54 m³ = 0.44 m³
★ Volume of Gravel needed = (4/7) * 1.54 m³ = 0.88 m³
🌸 Convert Volume to Mass (Weight):
Use material density (e.g., Cement ≈ 1440 kg/m³, Sand ≈ 1600 kg/m³, Gravel ≈ 1650 kg/m³).
Mass = Volume × Density
★ Cement: 0.22 m³ * 1440 kg/m³ ≈ 316.8 kg (or ~6.3 bags of 50kg cement)
★ Sand: 0.44 m³ * 1600 kg/m³ ≈ 704 kg (or ~0.44 m³)
★ Gravel: 0.88 m³ * 1650 kg/m³ ≈ 1452 kg (or ~0.88 m³)
🌸 Determine Water Content:
Use the water-cement ratio (W/C). For M15, W/C might be ~0.5-0.6.
★ Water ≈ 0.5 * (Mass of Cement) ≈ 0.5 * 316.8 kg ≈ 158.4 kg (or ~158 liters).
Author: Win Aung Cho